Git: Distributed revision control system
Snapshot-based version control with distributed repository architecture.
Learn more about git
Git is a distributed version control system that tracks changes to files by capturing complete snapshots of project state at specific points in time rather than storing incremental differences. The system organizes history as a directed acyclic graph where each snapshot references its predecessor snapshots, enabling multiple parallel development paths that can later be combined. Git maintains three conceptual storage layers: a working area where files are modified, an intermediate staging layer where changes are prepared for recording, and a local repository containing the full historical record verified through cryptographic hashing. The distributed architecture allows every copy of a repository to contain the complete project history, eliminating dependence on a central server and enabling developers to synchronize changes bidirectionally between repositories. Branching is implemented through lightweight pointer references to specific snapshots, making the creation and switching of parallel development lines computationally efficient.
Distributed Repository Architecture
Each repository contains complete project history and operates independently without requiring a central server. Enables offline work, peer-to-peer collaboration, and eliminates single points of failure in team workflows.
Content-Addressed Storage
Objects are identified by SHA-1 hash of their content rather than location or filename. Ensures data integrity through cryptographic verification and automatically deduplicates identical content across repository history.
Mailing List Workflow
Contributions submitted as email patches to git@vger.kernel.org for review rather than platform-specific pull requests. Preserves tooling independence and enables text-based code review with full discussion context in standard email clients.
import git
# Clone and commit changes
repo = git.Repo.clone_from('https://github.com/user/project.git', '/local/path')
# Make changes and stage them
repo.index.add(['file.txt'])
repo.index.commit('Add new feature')
# Push to remote
origin = repo.remote(name='origin')
origin.push()See how people are using git
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